Some games such as Khutlokpi, Phibul Thomba, and Chaphu Thugaibi remain very popular elsewhere, such as in Cambodia. Sanamahism: The Lost Religion of Manipur Homepage Stories Sanamahism: The Lost Religion of Manipur AUTHOR Yash Mishra PUBLISHED 23 October 2021 BOOKMARK The art and culture of Manipur in North-East India has been strongly influenced by Vaishnavism, which was introduced here in the 18th century. Ethnic and pluralism is the basis of the state and society of Manipur (Kabui, 2016:87). Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). It has housing and working quarters to accommodate self-sufficiency of life. It is a five-day festival and is usually performed on the 13th day of the Meitei month of Wakching. Life on the lake includes small islands that are floating weed on which live the lake people, the blue waters of the lake, and colourful water plants. Former Associate Editor. Christians, who make up a larger share of the population in this region than they do nationally, grew as a percentage of several states between 2001 and 2011. The state has two major physiographic regions: the Manipur River valley and a large surrounding tract of mountainous country. Apr 13, 2023. The religious groups of the Meitei-speaking people include Sanamahists, Hindus, Meitei Christians and Meitei Pangals. 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA The brow-antlered deer is in danger of extinction. People of Manipur immaculate and decorate their houses and make a sumptuous variety of dishes to feast upon after offering food to the deity on this day. In Punjab (28 million, or 2.8 crore), the Sikh majority decreased by 2 points to 58%. It uses one table and two chairs, kept on one side of the performance space. [137], Also known as Sajibugi Nongma Panba and held in March or April, Cheiraoba is the new year of Manipur. In some cases, many million (tens of lakh) members of a certain group live as a religious minority in a very large state. This northeastern corner of India enjoys a generally amiable climate, though the winters can be chilly. Other major religious groups in India are Christians (2.3%), Sikhs (1.9%), Buddhists (0.8%) and Jains (0.4%). The Hindu population is heavily concentrated in the Meitei dominant areas of the Manipur Valley (Imphal Valley), among the Meitei people. Joseph Ford Sherer is called the Father of English Polo; see Horace A. Laffaye (2009), North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971, People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak, Directorate of Language Planning and Implementation, Department of Language Planning and Implementation, Thangjam Manorama Protests against the AFSPA, List of institutions of higher education in Manipur, National Institute of Technology, Manipur, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Manipur, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences, IndiaMyanmarThailand Trilateral Highway, BJP leader Biren Singh sworn in as Manipur Chief Minister, "Manipur Population Sex Ratio in Manipur Literacy rate data", "Sub-national HDI - Subnational HDI - Global Data Lab", "Trade connection of Manipur with Southeast Asia in Pre British period Part 2 by Budha Kamei", Singh, Socio-religious and Political Movements in Modern Manipur 2011, "Census of India Website: Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India", "Population by religion community - 2011", "Hueiyen Lanpao | Official Website Manipur Daily", Lieutenant (later Major General) Joseph Ford Sherer, Assistant to the Superintendent of Cachar, with his bearers, Manipur, 1861, "Why it matters how Manipur became a state", "Manipur, India - A safe house for dangerous men", "Irom Sharmila: World's longest hunger strike ends", "Indian hunger striker Irom Chanu Sharmila to end 16-year fast", Haokip, Shri Ngamthang (2007) "Basine Delineation Map of Manipur", "Manipur affected by changing climate, say scientists", "GAZETTE TITLE: The Manipur Official Language (Amendment) Act, 2021", "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 47th report (July 2008 to June 2010)", "Department of language planning and implementation trying to resolve all language issues in the state", "Census of India: C-1 Population By Religious Community", "The Vaishnava Temples of Manipur: An Historical Study", "Evolution of clan system Manipuri Muslim 1", "State/UT wise Seats in the Assembly and their Reservation Status", "A decade of starvation for Irom Sharmila", "Centre inks peace accord with Naga insurgent outfit", "Misusing NSA: the detention of a Manipur journalist", State wise: Population, GSDP, Per Capita Income and Growth Rate, "In rural Manipur, women feel the heat of climate change", "Climate Change: Farmers in Manipur hit hard by unusual weather temperature", "Manipur's villagers take charge, fix 19km stretch of roads: ANI The Indian Express", "Rail link from Manipur to Vietnam on cards: Tharoor", "The world's only floating national park", "Keibul Lamjao Conservation Area | For UNESCO World Heritage Travellers", "Manipur titular king moves Parliament to declare Kangla Fort as World Heritage Site", "Thalon Cave, Tamenglong: December 2009 ~ Pictures from Manipur", Silver salver presented to Captain Joseph Ford Sherer, "Lok Sabha passes Bill to set-up sports varsity in Manipur", "Socio-religious and Political Movements in Modern Manipur 193451", "In the Shadow of Hollywood Orientalism: Authentic East Indian Dancing", Autonomous administrative divisions of India, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manipur&oldid=1151120530, States and territories established in 1972, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Pages using infobox Indian state or territory with unknown parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2023, Articles to be expanded from January 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2014, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 22 April 2023, at 02:04. [57] The slope of the valley is from north to south. Young old (60-69 years) constituted the majority (59.1%) of the respondents. Read our research on: Congress | Economy | Trust in Media. Sanamahism: The Lost Religion of Manipur - Live History India [59] (By comparison, India receives 400 Mham of rain annually. The most populous state, Uttar Pradesh, recorded close to 200 million (20 crore) inhabitants in the 2011 census, while the southern archipelago of Lakshadweep had fewer than 100,000 (1,00,000 in Indias number system). Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. Some examples of equivalents: International number system vs. Indian number system, One hundred thousand (100,000) = 1 lakh (1,00,000) Different groups have claimed responsibility for the explosions, some claiming they were targeting competing militant groups, others claiming their targets were state and central government officials. Hindus constituted around 62% share of the Manipuri population in 1961 while Christians had a 19%. Area 8,621 square miles (22,327 square km). Among the states notable plants are rhododendrons, primroses, and blue poppies. [37] Sanamahi Laikan wrote that officials during the reign of Meidingu Pamheiba in the eighteenth century adopted Manipur's new name. Child population (0-6) in urban region was 21,612 of which males and females were 11,067 and . It is 29km (18mi) from Imphal. The etymology of Loktak is "lok = stream / tak = the end" (End of the Streams). Jammu and Kashmir was home to about 8.6 million (86 lakh) Muslims as of the 2011 census, making it the Indian state with the seventh-largest Muslim population. [57] The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. The history of Manipur Meities is chronicled in Puyas or Puwaris (stories about the forefathers), namely, the Ninghthou Kangbalon, Cheitharol Kumbaba, Ningthourol Lambuba, Poireiton Khunthokpa, Panthoibi Khongkul, and so forth in the archaic Meitei script, which is comparable to the Thai script. [121], The auditorium of the theatre is on the outskirts of Imphal and the campus stretches for about 2 acres (8,100m2). It also contains a cyclists' velodrome. [54][55], In 2004, the government lifted the disturbed status after a violent attack on a local woman. Broadly, there are four types of forests: Tropical Semi-evergreen, Dry Temperate Forest, Sub-Tropical Pine, and Tropical Moist Deciduous. The valley (plain) is mainly inhabited by the Meitei speaking population (native Manipuri speakers). Ved Prakash, Encyclopaedia of North-East India, Volume 4. While the presence of Nagas is highest in Ukhrul district with 93%, other tribals living in this district are Tangkhuls and Tamenglong district with 78% of Nagas and other are kabuls tribals, they are a little over half in Senapati district with 55%, mostly Mao tribe are concentrated in the district of Senapati, and in Chandel district it is 47% along with Anals and Marings. India, 2001. Manipur , today is the result of a long process of state formation as a Author of. Though the population shares discussed in this chapter are as of the last Indian census conducted in 2011, state majorities are generally large enough that they would not be expected to move below 50% in a single decade. also read about Population of Meghalaya Sadu Chiru waterfall is near Ichum Keirap village[111] 27km (17mi) from Imphal, in the Sadar hill area, Senapati district. It is connected to other areas by daily flights through Imphal airport, the second largest in northeastern India. [124], Captain Robert Stewart and Lieutenant Joseph Sherer[129] of the British colonial era first watched locals play a rules-based pulu or sagolkangjei (literally, horse and stick) game in 1859. Similarly child sex ratio in Imphal East district was 953 in 2011 census. From Thalon village, this cave is 45 kilometres (2.53.1mi). While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Kut is not restricted to a community or tribe the whole state populace participates in merriment. Manipuri or popularly called Meitei is the popular language in Manipur with 54% of the speakers, followed by Mao with 224,361, Thado with 223,779, Tangkhul with 183,091, Kabui 109,616 speakers. [126] It is like the game of rugby,[127] or American football. As of 2010, if half of this potential is realised, it is estimated that this would supply 24/7 electricity to all residents, with a surplus for sale, as well as supplying the Burma power grid. Muslims are the majority in the small tropical archipelago of Lakshadweep (total population 60,000) and in Jammu and Kashmir (13 million, or 130 lakh), on the border with Pakistan. Manipur is home to India's first floating elementary school: Loktak Elementary Floating School in Loktak Lake. [79], Christianity is the religion of 41% of the people in the state, but is the majority in rural areas with 53%, and is predominant in the hills. The sample includes interviews with 22,975 Hindus, 3,336 Muslims, 1,782 Sikhs, 1,011 Christians, 719 Buddhists and 109 Jains. People who claimed no religion are officially recorded under 'other' by the census. Literary Rate in India 2023 According to National Statistical Office (NSO) data, As of the Year, 2021 India's average literacy rate is 77.70%. [47] Thereafter, the legislative assembly was dissolved, and in October 1949 Manipur became part of India. November through February are the states driest months. 2. https://uidai.gov.in/images/state-wise-aadhaar-saturation.pdf [44] During World War II, Manipur was the scene of many fierce battles between Japanese invaders and British Indian forces. This cave is an hour's trek from Khangkui village.[113]. The Nagas are a little more than half of the tribal population, followed by the Kukis, Mizos and other smaller tribes. The Japanese were beaten back before they could enter Imphal, which was one of the turning points of the overall war in South Asia. year = year + 1900 + ", "; [citation needed], Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. Total population; 1,800,000+ (2011) Regions with significant populations India 1,760,913 Manipur 1,522,132 Assam 168,127 Tripura 23,779 Nagaland 9,511 Meghalaya 4,451 . There are rules of the game, as with all Manipur sports. [42] Another manuscript suggests that Muslims arrived in Manipur in the 17th century, from what is now Bangladesh, during the reign of Meidingu Khagemba. Chart: The World's Largest Religious Groups Over Time | Statista The share of Christians in Nagaland fell slightly, though they remained in the overwhelming majority. [123][124], Yubi lakpi is a traditional full contact game played in Manipur, India, using a coconut, which has some notable similarities to rugby. Currently, Manipur has one operational railway station, Jiribam. One exception to this pattern was Punjab, where the share of Hindus rose by 1.6 percentage points. India's population has more than tripled in the six decades following Partition, from 361 million (36.1 crore) people in the 1951 census to more than 1.2 billion (120 crore) in 2011. The Naga group consists of Zeliangrong which consists of Rongmei/Kabui, and Liangmei and Zemei/Kacha Nagas, Tangkhul with 183,091, Mao with 224,361, Maram with 32,098, Maring with 25,657 and Tarao. As previously noted, this report is based on the geography of India at the time of the 2011 census. The Christian population grew the most in Tamil Nadu, increasing by 600,000 (6,00,000 by Indias system) to 4 million, or 40 lakh, and Meghalaya, also by 600,000 (6,00,000), to 2.2 million, or 22 lakh. Sanamahism (often referred to as traditional Meitei religion) is the ancient polytheistic indigenous animistic ethnic religion of the Meitei people, the predominant ethnic group of Manipur. However, the road condition throughout the state is often deplorable. In addition 0.38% Stated as no religion & 0.36% are other religions. Some brow antlered deer (Sangai) are housed there. According to e-pao, As per the Manipur ethnic grouping, The Manipur people are grouped into three communities, Meiteis, Nagas and Kuki or Chins. Manipur, state of India, located in the northeastern part of the country. (41.1 Lakhs), population in 2021 is estimated to be 4.07 million (40.7 Lakhs), According to UID, population in 2020 is estimated to be 4 . The population of the districts in the State of Manipur by census years. For the eponymous kingdom mentioned in the epic, "Kangleipak" redirects here. The total area occupied by all the lakes is about 600km2. [100] The proposed Trans-Asian Railway (TAR), if constructed, will pass through Manipur, connecting India to Burma, Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore. This table has an appendix and an annexure. Another major language family is the Naga languages, like Tangkhul, Poula, Rongmei and Mao. A Glimpse of the Indigenous Tribes of Manipur (Part 1) Manipur is a multi-ethnic state located at the easternmost part of India. [18] Between 1917 and 1939, some people of Manipur pressed the princely rulers for democracy. The legend is that, Shri Govindajee appeared in the dream of his devotee, Shri Jai Singh Maharaja, and asked the saintly king to install in a temple, an image of Shri Govindajee. Manipur Hindu Muslim Population - Census 2011 The valley soils generally contain loam, small rock fragments, sand, and sandy clay, and are varied. More than three-fifths of the people speak Manipuri, which, along with English, is the official language of the state. The number of Hindus decreased slightly (by about 1,500) in only one state, Christian-majority Mizoram, while the number of Christians declined by more than 50,000 in both Nagaland and Andhra Pradesh. Phurailatpam Shubhi Narayan was the first Brahmin priest of this temple. Manipur Population 2022 | Sex Ratio & Literacy rate 2023 - Census 2011 Agape Park is in the vicinity. Players are divided as into Raiders (Attackers) or Defenders (Avoiders). The rules-based Polo game in 19th century Manipur (above), and modern Polo in the 21st century. Followers [ edit] Protestants (mostly Baptist) outnumber Catholics in Manipur. The Puwaris, Ninghthou Kangbalon, Ningthourol Lambuba, Cheitharol Kumbaba, Poireiton Khunthokpa, recorded the events of each King who ruled Manipur in a span of more than 3500 years until 1955 CE (a total of more than 108 kings). It was to be carved out of a jack fruit tree, which was then growing at Kaina. Rice is a staple food for Manipuris. ST-14: Scheduled tribe population by religious community, Manipur, District Ukhrul - 2001. In 2011, 0.9% of Indians selected the 'No Religion' category. Corrections? These ranges include the Naga Hills to the north, the East Manipur Hills along the eastern Myanmar border, the Mizo and Chin hills to the south, and the West Manipur Hills to the west. Maharashtra, Indias second most populous state which includes Mumbai, Indias largest city is also the state with the largest number of Jains (1.4 million, or 14 lakh 31% of Indian Jains). The theatre association has churned out internationally acclaimed plays like Chakravyuha and Uttarpriyadashi. The total area covered by the state is 22,327 square kilometres (8,621sqmi). Similarly, the proportion of children taking tuition in Manipur also witnessed an increase from 46.2% in 2018 to 49.1% in 2021. National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam, which is 269km (167mi) away from Imphal. NSA is meant to be used when there is grave danger to society not to stifle dissent. As India's second largest airport in the northeast, it serves as a key logistical centre for northeastern states. PDF Original Article Nutritional Status of the Elderly Population in a Semi They are played especially during the Khmer New Year. In the Chin state of Myanmar the the 'Chins' are popular, they are called 'Kukis' in the Indian side. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India, C-01: Population by religious community, Manipur - 2011. On 11 August 1947, Maharaja Budhachandra signed an Instrument of Accession, joining India. [41] Medieval era manuscripts discovered in the 20th century, particularly the Puya, provide evidence that Hindus from the Indian subcontinent had married Manipur royalty by at least the 14th century. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax [57] It is the only floating national park of the world. 1. The soil cover can be divided into two broad types, viz. On 21 November 2017, the Sangai Festival 2017 was inaugurated by President Ram Nath Kovind in Manipur. Khomdan Singh Lisam, Encyclopaedia Of Manipur, Mills, J. H. (2006), Manipur Rules Here - Gender, Politics, and Sport in an Asian Border Zone, Journal of Sport & Social Issues, 30(1), 62-78. Kangla Fort, Marjing Polo Statue, Sanamahi Kiyong, Ima Market, Samban-Lei Sekpil, Shree Govindajee Temple, Andro village, and Manipur State Museum are in the city. Imphal railway station, is an under-construction railway station in Imphal, the capital of Manipur. Income Distribution Mizoram is the leading producer of Bamboo in India and state is dependent on Agriculture. Population growth and religious composition, At the state level, religious distributions were relatively stable in the most recent census decade, Indias Sex Ratio at Birth Begins To Normalize, How Indians View Gender Roles in Families and Society, Key facts about the religiously and demographically diverse states of India, Key findings about the religious composition of India, Size & Demographic Characteristics of Religious Groups, Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project, Religious Characteristics of Demographic Groups, What the data says about Americans views of climate change, Podcasts as a Source of News and Information, AI in Hiring and Evaluating Workers: What Americans Think, Americans confident in Zelenskyy, but have limited familiarity with some other world leaders, How Public Polling Has Changed in the 21st Century. Rice is the major crop, and the rich soil also supports corn (maize), sugarcane, mustard, tobacco, orchard fruits, and pulses (legumes). The word Pawi means festival in Tedim Zomi language. Manipur Population 2023 the red ferruginous soil in the hill area and the alluvium in the valley. Most of these festivals are celebrated on the basis of the lunar calendar. These negotiations were cut short with the outbreak of World War II in 1939. [112] Khangkhui Cave is a natural limestone cave in Ukhrul district. Manipur schools are run by the state and central government or by private organisation. [77] During the 13th century, Meitei King Khumomba constructed a Lord Hanuman temple. The normal pH value ranges from 5.4 to 6.8. Tamil Nadu, in the far South, has a low fertility rate, while Meghalaya, in the Northeast, has high fertility rates. Other trees include oak, magnolia, and chinquapin. Some of the traditional Meitei deities (Lais) are Atiya Sidaba, Pakhangba, Sanamahi, Leimaren, Panthoibi, Imoinu, Thangching (Thangjing), Marjing, Wangpulen (Wangbaren) and Koupalu (Koubru). [63] Of this total, 57.2% live in the valley districts and the remaining 42.8% in the hill districts. [75], The Meitei Pangals (Meitei: ), also known as the Meitei Muslims or the Manipuri Muslims, are the third largest religious majority group in the state as they constitute about 8.3% of the state population as per 2011 census. The name Manipur means "land of gems." Its economy centres on agriculture and . The official and most widely spoken language is Meitei language (officially known as Manipuri language). [48] It was made a Union Territory in 1956. PC01_ST14-14-08 Producer(s) Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India . Manipur Population by Religion Hinduism and Chritianity is the major religions with 41% each, followed by Muslims who are called Pangals in Manipur region represent 8%. [23] The dispute and differing visions for the future has resulted in a 50-year insurgency in the state for independence from India, as well as in repeated episodes of violence among ethnic groups in the state. The Chorus Repertory Theatre, Imphal, founded by Ratan Thiyam, Manipur dance also known as Jagoi,[114] is one of the major Indian classical dance forms,[115] named after the state of Manipur. The altitude ranges from 40 m at Jiribam to 2,994 m at Mount Temp peak along the border with Nagaland. The Luzon pine grows in the Naga Hills. [41], By the medieval period, marriage alliances between the royal families of Manipur, Ahom kingdom and Burma had become common. [16][17], During the days of the British Indian Empire, the Kingdom of Manipur was one of the princely states. This article is about the modern day state of India. Most of the imported goods are sold at Paona Bazaar, Gambhir Singh Shopping Complex and Leima Plaza. Terracing is common in the hills, where the farmers plow the ground with hand hoes. As of 2020, India gains roughly 1 million (10 lakh) inhabitants each month, putting it on course to surpass China . [30] Manipur is home to many sports and the origin of Manipuri dance,[31] and is credited with introducing polo to Europeans.[32]. [89], The CM Biren Singh used the National Security Act on a journalist who criticized him by calling him as 'puppet'. [103][104], The Kangla (officially called the Kangla Fort), which was the historic seat of administration of the Meitei rulers of Manipur Kingdom, is also currently moved in the Indian Parliament, to be included in the UNESCO World Heritage Site list.[105][106]. The Nagas are known to use intoxicants to catch fish. [28] According to 2011 census, Hinduism and Christianity are the major religions of the state. [96] Climate change, especially changes in temperature and weather are hurting small farmers in the state. Hill tribes have their own folk tales, myths, and legends. In addition, 0.32% stated No religion & 0.77% are other religions. Appendix A: Methodology | Pew Research Center The city contains the Tulihal Airport. There are multiple Kuki-Chin languages, the largest being Thadou. The name Manipur means land of gems. Its economy centres on agriculture and forestry, and trade and cottage industries also are important. The valley region has hills and mounds rising above the flat surface. Its capital was Kangla, Yumphal or Imphal (present day). Manipur (/mnpr/)[8][9] (Meitei: Kangleipak[a][10][11][12]) is a state in northeast India, with the city of Imphal as its capital. The populations of two states, Arunachal Pradesh (1.4 million, or 14 lakh) and Manipur (3 million, or 30 lakh), are religiously diverse, with substantial shares of several religious groups and none approaching a majority. Christianity in Manipur - Wikipedia The seasonal Shirui Lily plant at Ukhrul (district), Dzko Valley at Senapati, Sangai (Brow antlered deer) and the floating islands at Loktak Lake are among the rarities of the area. In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. It is around 185 kilometres (115mi) from the state capital and around 30 kilometres (19mi) from Tamenglong district headquarters in north side.
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