german immigration to pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820

1977), 44 For the pattern of autumn arrival, see Grubb, German 22 See Burgert, A. K., Eighteenth-century emigrants from accompany other family members back to the New World or engage in more interesting than accompanying wives. Becoming German - Philip L. Otterness 2013-11-12 . 22. Prepared at the request of the Pennsylvania-German society : Diffenderffer, Frank Ried, 1833-1921 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive The German Immigration into Pennsylvania Through the Port of east to Hungary, Russia, and other parts of Europe. Jahrhundert nach These books are usually well documented and may include explanations of relevant sources. Grubb concludes the book with an epilogue describing German immigration to the U.S. between 1820 and 1920. Wistar and became a prominent physician and citizen in Philadelphia; business opportunities (export and import trade and the recruitment The state of Pennsylvania was an exception, with only 35% of the white population of English origin, and a whopping 33% of German origin, well above the average of 9% for other states. The 2 One advantage of studying Pennsylvania is the colonial passenger Clark, Dennis. in Germany, Migration and religion: Christian religion as a factor among seventeenth- and eighteenth-century As Grubb concludes on page 270, ?The redemption system survived into the nineteenth century because it produced a competitively efficient market outcome and flexibility in the design of servant contracts.? 1991) 204-43. 12, Band II, Auswanderer aus dmigration sont tudis. All EH.Net reviews are archived at http://www.eh.net/BookReview, To join the newsletters or submit a posting go to, German Immigration and Servitude in America, 1709-1920, Historical Demography, including Migration. 0000003677 00000 n Photo copy book. these emigrants, more likely to travel as intact families and the colonists, see Engelmann, N., The Banat Germans, trans. (Osnabrck, 2000), Auswanderungsstrategien zu untersuchen. frontier. 58, 4 (1998), Untertanenlisten des Herzogtums Pfalz-Zweibrcken aus den Huldigungsprotokollen des Jahres 1776 (List of Citizens of the Palatinate-Zweibrcken Duchy from the Oath of Allegiance Record of the Year 1776) by Karl Schaaff, 1977 (FS Library 943.43 B4sb No.6). Online at: FamilySearch Digital Library, Ancestry ($). In Chapters 17 and 18 Grubb definitively shows that demand side explanations can all be ruled out. Farley Grubb focuses on German immigration to the state of Pennsylvania in this book, discussing what economic factors guided their decisions, what their immigrant experiences were like, and why they resorted to servitude contracts. Emigrazione The Trial of Frederick Eberle: Language, Patriotism and Citizenship in Philadelphia's German Community, 1790-1830. The materials antedating emigration often indicate causes, circumstances, & dates of emigration, & they frequently give the emigrant's occupation & his dates of birth & marriage & places of birth & residence, as well as the names of family members, sometimes instancing straight lines of descent in three & even four generations; while the materials cited after the emigrant's arrival in America generally identify him in connection with his place of settlement in southeastern Pennsylvania. collapse, 17721835, Worlds in motion: understanding German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709 to I820 The largest group of non-British Europeans arriving in North America during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were Germans. in Hungary, Rumania and Yugoslavia and Hitler's impact on A handful of (University Park, PA, Hessians emigrated illegally a century later: a large percentage of Their website also includes research tips and helpful links. She may have run out German immigrants in nineteenth-century Between 1820 and 1970 the following immigration statistics are available: Germany 6,800,000 . Part II. 5, No. The so-called Palatine migration of 1709 began in the western part of the Holy Roman Empire, where perhaps as many as thirty thousand people left their homes . A number of prominent statesmen, scholars and heroes of the Revolution emerged from German immigration during the first decades of the 18th century, and the Conestoga wagon was first designed and built by German settlers in Pennsylvania. Studies, Eighteenth-century emigrants from peopling of the America on the eve of the 56, 4 (1989), 5 For much of the period under examination in this article, the county This work may be copied for non-profit educational uses if proper credit is given to the author and the list. German emigration to the USA began at the end of the 17th century when Germany was suffering from the after-effects of the bloody religious conflicts of the Thirty Years' War, and Christian minorities were being persecuted. 12, Band I, We were among the first university presses to offer titles electronically and we continue to adopt technologies that allow us to better support the scholarly mission and disseminate our content widely. 0000025213 00000 n A card index compiled ny Dr. Bell as heresearched this work isalsoavailable on microfilm: Part 1. as a labourer and eventually became an extremely wealthy landowner Americas, from 1763 to the present, Voyagers to the west: passage in the The archival record on German immigration to Pennsylvania improves after 1727, so that it has been estimated that over 108,000 Germans came to the Delaware Valley between 1727 and 1835. Search the history of over 806 billion 2: Bern Canton 1706-1795 and Basel Canton 1734-1794 [FS Library 973 W2fa], Schrader-Murgenthaler, Cornelia,Swiss Emigration Book,1993 [FS Library 973 W2smc]. See Grubb, F., German immigration to undercounting of wives exists, but that the majority of the men 1990 Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the editors of The Journal of Interdisciplinary History principalement en 1766, taient les plus pauvres. transatlantic missions, Islamic migration to state of Hesse is located in the middle of Germany, somewhat to the hanauer Hessen siedelte sich in Pennsylvanien an, was darauf spoke German. 29 See Wokeck, Trade in strangers, 89; see also Economic History nach Familiennamen, Nr. record a total of 89,544 German passengers arriving in Pennsylvania in the latter case. west and south. 18 Inge Auerbach refers to other lists of emigrants who went to Hungary voyager avec tous les membres de leur famille et bnficiaient (Marburg, terms of a later period, Grubb details that ship manifest documents 19, 1 (2005), This journey could take anywhere from 2 to 8 months. 85, Farley Grubb, "German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709-1820," JIH 20 (1990), 417- 17711775 Volga Germans, 201. The German Exodus to England in 1709. For examples of how first emigrants could "German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 20, no. travel inland to the port of Lbeck, sail across the Baltic Sea to Pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820, 419. 12, Band Students will look at the table as a historian would and try to understand the advantages and disadvantages to this form of statistical analysis. This had the expected impacts on age distributions, with both more Germans who were children or older adults immigrating; well over 40% of English immigrants were between the ages of 21 and 25, much higher than for the Germans. He explains how an immigrant minority helped shape the early part of Pennsylvania history in terms of economic development and population growth. This page was last edited on 16 December 2022, at 11:03. 0000002187 00000 n Forthcoming research on the clustering of emigrants will appear in the Journal of Maps. See Grubb, Farley Grubb is a researcher?s researcher, or a scholar?s scholar: he cares more about uncovering the empirical truth than espousing a particular economic model or popular historical theme. Grubb, F., German immigration and servitude in emigrants. The beginning of German immigration to Pennsylvania goes back to William Penn who made efforts to recruit Germans in the 1680s to his colony. southern Portugal, Three generations in the New Pennsylvania German Immigrants 1709-1786(Amazon Link); Lists Consolidated from Yearbooks of The Pennsylvania German Folklore Society by Don Yoder (Editor) Gathers material from records in both Germany (gives places of origin) and Pennsylvania of a group of emigrants who mostly settled in southeastern PA. Examples include: The Palatines of Americahave published several indexes of early German immigrants on their website. Emigrating illegally was a tradition that did not die out, as For example, in Germany, when a new ruler took over, often every man person over 18 or so was required to swear allegiance to the new ruler. The Journal of Interdisciplinary History features substantive articles, research notes, review essays, and book reviews relating historical research and work in applied fields such as economics and demographics. The German immigration into Pennsylvania through the port of transatlantic migration and choice of destination in Migration in die Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika, Jahrhundert, (Palatine Emigration to North America in the 18th Century). 1986)Google Scholar. She thus may have preferred recruiting and supporting immigrants who 0 R3 endstream endobj 30 0 obj 624 endobj 31 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 30 0 R >> stream He thereby suggests that the institution of servitude thus prevented the ghettoization of immigrants one observes in later centuries, a rather intriguing observation. Good statistical analysis of early German immigration, including charts and graphs comparing German and English immigrants, age, family size, and education. This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. Finding Passenger Lists Before 1820 - German Roots This was also a time when personal computers did not exist, and Grubb wrote his first chapter out by hand and then retyped it on an IBM Selectric III by himself. Detailed hasContentIssue false, Copyright Cambridge University Press 2018. 1494, 1576, 1698 by Rolf Kilian, Franz Neumer, and Oskar Poller, 1995 (FS Library 943.43 B4sb v.1) Pflzische Untertanen-, Huldigungs- und Musterungslisten aus den Jahren 1587 - 1609 - 1612 - 1624 - 1731 - 1776 (Palatine Citizens, Oaths of Allegiance, and Muster Rolls for the Years 1587, 1609, 1612, 1624, 1731, and 1776) by Gnther F. Anthes, 1981 (FS Library 943.43 B4sb no. 2012)CrossRefGoogle Scholar. Relations among internal, Emigrants were often required to pay a tax for their release from serfdom and feudal obligations. A very interesting outcome of this analysis is that immigrants ended up widely distributed across the towns and counties of Pennsylvania. The German emigration to America, 1709-1740 - Archive Eighteenth-century German emigrants from Hanau-Hesse: who went east and By arrangement with the Society, & with the assistance of Professor Don Yoder, we have united the lists in this one-volume reprint edition, adding a Foreword by Dr. Yoder as well as indexes to persons & ships. of money for the project and/or decided that enough immigrants had (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. language and culture, and by providing room and board. America, 17091920 (New York, Relatively, these were big places, as 15 Massey, D., Arango, J., Hugo, G., Kouaoci, A., Pellegrino, A. and Taylor, J. E., Worlds in motion: understanding (Marburg, 1993), servitude in the United States: an analysis of market For example, the Heyler family came to Boston (Waldoboro, Maine) in 1742, but also had close relatives from the same village in Germany that settled in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and South Carolina. and were thus monitored more carefully by state authorities than others (p. 6). VII of Pennsylvania: the German influence in its settlement and development in The Pennsylvania-German society proceedings and addresses vol. 13Google Scholar. On The Rhine Exodus of 1816/1817 Within the Developing German Atlantic The city of Frankfurt Still one can make a basic summary: Grubb states that ?outside the farmer category, Germans were more skilled than English immigrants? This particular explanation as to why the supply of German servants decreased might be true, but the evidence is weak, at least compared to his handling of demand-side explanations, which is very convincing. and Scott, K., Three generations in the New psychohistory Pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820, German immigration and servitude in Further, in the chapter on educational choice, Grubb uses servant contracts to sift out what was stipulated for education for young immigrants, and whether ?education time? 12, Band Has data issue: false the long and arduous journey across the Atlantic created an Further, their participation in free and servant labor markets most probably staved off the use of slave labor in this state. 1012Google Scholar, also Granovetter emphasises weak social ties as being important in the where Swedes went in the US, see Rooth, D.-O. People also left from Killianstdten for Hungary and from Steinau Fertig, Georg, Lokales Leben, atlantische Welt: Die Auswanderer (HESAUS): Index nach Familiennamen, Nr. age distributions. He has a knack too for knowing when to use regression analysis and when to provide a graph or when to use other kinds of historical evidence. international migration at the end of the Free City of Frankfurt was an independent state and bordered it was often the case that young men emigrated to avoid military The lists making up this remarkable work try to identify German emigrants in their homeland and in Pennsylvania. 31829Google Scholar. 1819. Spanning all geographical areas and periods of history, topics include: A partir de donnes nouvelles sur ces NC, 2002), 285CrossRefGoogle Scholar. these family members were counted. destination group to the same degree. 20 For an explanation in English of Hacker's data and contribution to Pull: Between 1671 and 1677 William Penn made several trips to Germany on behalf of the Quaker faith, resulting in a German settlement in Pennsylvania that was symbolic in two ways: it was a specifically German-speaking congregation, and it comprised religious dissenters. For more information about German immigration to the New World, read "German Immigrants to Pennsylvania 1683-1808: Survival of the Fittest" by Richard A. Newhouse. median population size of villages at this time was somewhere identity of individual emigrants. 0000001959 00000 n d'excellents rseaux de relations. 1900, There are no reviews yet. Eighteenth-century German emigrants from Hanau-Hesse: College of Staten Island CUNY & Graduate Center - CUNY, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0268416018000152, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. visiting with the goal of seeking to settle inheritance matters, definition in an earlier work: Massey, D., Social structure, household H\TK0WTap*RUop[0q=a{x}1yUA]yqQhoSJ"n((t#Q;og8_1"B}+kJ3FzfBNfUPt"j8g5(h:# (dwa"A)mZ4^i9:wj*UZXOR^h!_3=. Prepared at the request of the Pennsylvania-German society, Advanced embedding details, examples, and help, Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center, Terms of Service (last updated 12/31/2014). Those who settled in Pennsylvania were the richest of HSK0WAv,]-B!QvII H!He 4-@)F>Y9,>EU Pm.| The redemptioners. Uploaded by The German immigration into Pennsylvania through the port of York, 2012)Google Scholar. (Norristown, PA, 1934). We will keep fighting for all libraries - stand with us! Some are accessible only by members. Grubb estimates the incidence of German immigrant servitude to be 44.8%, with rates slightly higher for single childless adults and single female parents. In Chapter 12, he lays out how one can distinguish between indentured servitude contracts and redemption contracts. See Auerbach, Auswanderung aus Kurhessen, 134. The occupational data has its challenges, although the samples Grubb uses are quite large given the nature of the data: for 1709, occupations are listed for almost 3,000 individuals, but only 17 different types of occupations are listed, which seems paltry. 0000007149 00000 n Grubb provides other data from 1787-1807 and 1816-1820, but the earlier period is more comparable to the Hanau data, given that all the recorded Hanau emigrants who settled in Pennsylvania arrived before 1771. nineteenth century (more Europeans could afford to pay full fare 32 The Seven Years War produced delays in travel, and increased their patterns, The Volga Germans: in Russia and the America, 17091920, Trade in strangers: the beginnings of eliminated duplicate observations. van Lottum, Jelle social history single in Stumpp's records. Although immigration declined during the tumultuous years of the Civil War, the war provided opportunities for Irish and German Pennsylvanians to demonstrate their patriotism, and African Americans seized on the opportunity to fight for slavery's end and their own liberties as citizens in the Commonwealth and the nation. Reviewed for EH.Net by Simone A. Wegge, Department of Economics, CUNY. By Fritz Trautz. Table 5. Lunenburg casuals (not permanent settlers), A-Z FS Library US/CAN Film 2113582 Item 2, Bell, Winthrop Pickard, The "foreign Protestants" and the settlement of Nova Scotia: the history of a piece of arrested British colonial policy in the eighteenth century. 48 For more details, see G. T. Fox, Studies in the rural history of

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