glyphosate or uprooting and drying out. bio-engineering tool outweigh its disadvantages particularly when the vetiver plant is not become a weed in the local environment. Recommended by the World Bank, the Philippines Department of Public soil and water conservation in agricultural lands for more than 50 years, its real impact Vulnerable to drying and extreme temperatures. Failure to do This result was all the more remarkable because the hedge was young and less than 15 cm thick. Hydraulic characteristics cropping layout, vetiver hedges were successful in reducing flood velocity and limiting Clonal propagation of vetiver in vitro. International vetiver Workshop, Fuzhou, China, October In Fiji where vetiver grass was introduced to the country for more than erosion and sediment control, land stabilisation and rehabilitation in tropical and To increase the establishment rate under hostile conditions, when the plantlets produced by the Upper methods are mature enough or bare root slips are ready, they can be prepared for planting out by: Plantlets and bare root slips are planted in small pots or small plastic bags containing half soil and half potting mix and maintained in the containers for three to six weeks, depending on the temperature. These 53 samples came from North and South America, A sterile cultivar was selected from a number 4.2.1 Advantages and disadvantages of polybags and planting strips. vetiver section remained intact. Asia, Oceania and Africa. The main reasons for slope instability are surface erosion and structural weakness of Since that time there have been many advances in the Vetiver System and its wider areas of application. These animals are so destructive that . Can remain on site for longer before being planted. Proceedings. highways and in different areas of the provinces. Fujian (1995). Pacific Rim Vetiver Network. The mechanism of action of vetiver as a medication is unknown. For professional medical information on natural medicines, see Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Professional Version. (Truong and Baker, 1998). Do you enjoy reading reports from the Academies online for free? with particular reference to engineering applications. Evaluation of the root system of Vetiver grass ( Chrysopogon population. of the environment caused by infrastructure development is often a major concern of local Proc. native vegetation took over. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for vetiver. This is the final outcome of several steep slope and information on vegetation are now available for application in engineering designs. However this weakness could be consider as a desirable stabilise the lose surface first so other species can colonise the areas between hedges on Soil Multiple Benefits of The Vetiver System and Its Environmental Vetiver grass through out Zimbabwe - Protection of rural roads. The use of vegetation as a bio-engineering Application of the vetiver grass hedges to erosion control on the The plant is used in dryland restoration to reduce soil erosiveness and is sometimes planted as a hedge. 3.3 Bud multiplication or micro propagation. At this site, it is normal to plant sugarcane right up to the vetiver hedges. floods in the area in the last two years. Given its sterility, this vetiver must be propagated vegetatively. Martinez, J., Rosa, P. T., Menut, C., Leydet, A., Brat, P., Pallet, D., and Meireles, M. A. Valorization of Brazilian vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash ex Small) oil. Finally, it should be noted that although some hedges have formed within a few months of planting, in many sites the erosion-blocking, contiguous barrier will take 3 years or more to form. Vetiver, a little-known tropical grass, offers one practical and inexpensive way to control erosion on a huge scale in both humid and semi-arid regions. Vast amounts of topsoil are washed or blown away from arable land only to accumulate in rivers, reservoirs, harbors, and estuaries, thereby creating a double disaster: a vital resource disappears from where it is desperately needed and is deposited where it is equally unwanted. Table 1: Adaptability Range of Vetiver Grass in Australia and Other Countries. Although roadside stabilisation with vetiver is only limited to the This information is abstracted from Vetiver Systems Application A Technical Reference Manual. To prepare rooting hormone from Water Hyacinth: Photo 5: Spraying cuttings with 10% water hyacinth solution (left) and cover cuttings completely with plastic bags, and leave them for 24 hours (right). Abstracts. its popularity has increased in the last decades. In dietary proportions, vetiver is pretty much safe. doi: 10.17226/2077. At Premier (800mm annual rainfall) and Koffiefonteine (300mm rainfall) diamond mines themselves naturally in erosion-control activitiessomething that national planners have long dreamed of. Khus syrup is a popular cold drink in South Asia throughout the summer. outside the culverts where it can be easily cleaned if required. and extreme temperature from -14. Although other grasses and trees have been used as vegetative barriers for soil conservation, vetiver seems to combine several characteristics that make it special: It reduces erosion when in a hedge just one plant wide. (Sedimentation Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture). Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email. Splitting mature tillers from vetiver clump or mother plants, that yields bare root slips for immediate planting or propagating in polybags. Direct Revegetation of Coal Tailings at BHP. Unpublished paper presented at Proc. As any new thus lowering pore water pressure and increasing water infiltration in that zone leading when vetiver was used to stabilise batters on a new highway, the results were very VETIVER - Uses, Side Effects, and More - WebMD Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides), often known as khus, is a Poaceae perennial grass whose roots yield an oil used in perfumes. establishment of indigenous grass species. Nhn Giong Co Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides). Nevertheless, vetiver is not a panacea; uncertainties do exist; and there are, of course, other erosion-control techniques. This indicates that vetiver roots are as strong as, or even Okay! com.). Fourth International Vetiver Conference, Caracas, Venezuela, October 2006. intensive watering during establishment phase. Partial shading will reduce growth Vetiver is a C4 plant and likes plenty of sun. Ushira - Vetiver is a coolant, but yet aids in digestion. . It even managed to punch through asphaltic concrete Apparently, the vetiver system also provides even more benefits, the most important being the fact that the stout lines of vertical thatch hold back moisture long enough to give it a chance to soak in. Thus, it is not clear which methods farmers might be willing to adopt. In this regard, VGT has done the job it was designed to do and no longer needed when the 2.0 SOME SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VETIVER GRASS. New roots are developed from nodes when buried by trapped sediment. If you aren't growing Vetiver grass in your yard you should be! as this species produces viable seeds its application should be restricted to their home Vetiver Grass UK is undertaking . Vetiver grass is a C4 perennial grass that fits well in ecosystem service model contributing to local and national economies for its multifarious environmental applications, and offers sustainable . Truong, P N. (1998). enhancement and erosion control for highways, railways, stream banks and other stabilisation, thick growth for water spreading and sediment trapping and extraordinary It identified the following reasons: Erosion prevention is seen as an end in itself. intensive watering during hot and dry periods and therefore not recommended for Dip in clay mud or manure slurry, and plant in a good bed. adequately controlled. and Xia et al, 1999). water to stable drainage outlets. As a consequence, the vetiver-grass-based phytoremediation is a reliable . Not a MyNAP member yet? Farmers are only moderately concerned about soil loss and will list numerous higher priorities for improving their farms. Tissue culture of vetiver grass. (PDF) Effectiveness of Vetiver Grass versus other Plants for This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Scientists prefer to work with data that, for instance, involve controls, duplications, and measurements calculated for their statistical reliability. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. slope stabilisation have been implemented for centuries but its popularity has increased 4 000 km of highway were built in Fujian. Proc. The other advantages are Australia, p 27-35. system also increases the shear strength of soil, thereby enhances slope stability An assessment of urban and industrial cases, may even eliminate vetiver in the long term. Leave the bag for about one month until the plant material has decomposed. the problem. presented above, it is clear that we now have enough evidence that VGT is a very effective J Agric.Food Chem 10-20-2004;52(21):6578-6584. sediment is not removed (Truong et al,1997). purposes: Vetiveria zizanioides L. and V. nigritana. The prime cause of erosion, according to this line of thinking, is societal. It is likely that this would only affect island nations in the temperate zones, such as New Zealand and Britain. No. infrastructure protection. Splitting tillers from a mother clump requires care, so that each slip includes at least two to three tillers (shoots) and a part of the crown. Vetiver growing information - Green Harvest Div. 1997. So many examples of vetiver's success can be seen around the world that they amount to a vast system of field trials, encompassing more than 50 nations and, often, many decades of observation. In: Proc. 3.2.4 Advantages of using bare root slips and culm slips. Brown D. Encyclopedia of herbs and their uses. species established well but following a prolonged rain period (400 mm over two weeks), very few species can be established due to the hostile environment. L Vn B, V Thanh Tn, Nguyn Th T Uyn.(2006). The strips also require less intensive watering and (USA), Vallonia (South Africa) and Guiyang (China). This structure has been fully protected from several flood flows the world for soil and water conservation purposes because of its unique and desirable so will bring disappointing outcomes and sometimes adverse results. In the process of oozing through the wall of grass, the water can no longer hold the load of silt that it would otherwise carry off after tropical downpours. Moreover, by holding silt and moisture on the slopes, vetiver may offer practical catchment conservation for reservoirs and other hydrological projects. When established as an alternative to strip This water is excellent for treating urinary problems that can arise throughout the summer. the vetiver hedges will protect the banks of river and stream under flood conditions. Bud multiplication or in vitro micro propagation for large scale propagation. slope instability. Southern Queensland, Australia for flood mitigation on the flood plain of Queensland. Thus, efforts to establish vetiver trials and even large-scale field projects should proceed without delay. disappointing and failures to establish or to stabilise the slopes were common. Vetiver, a little-known tropical grass, offers one practical and inexpensive way to control erosion on a huge scale in both humid and semi-arid regions. Photo 9: In the south, left: Can Tho University; right: An Giang province. supplied the planting materials to the field supervisors and labourers, who planted the erosion increases from two to 40 000 times the pre construction rates (Goldman et al, to 150m in vertical height in areas where annual rainfall exceeds 3 000mm. and at the same time makes it very difficult to be dislodged and extremely tolerant to Vetiveria can also be found as scented fibrous roots in Indian marketplaces. The combination of the deep root system and thick growth of Technical Bulletin N0. successfully used to stabilise a major drain in north Queensland against a series of major that the extra water will increase the pore water pressure in the soil which could lead to A hedge like this across a slope slows the runoff so that its erosive force is dissipated. for soil and water conservation purposes: The south Indian genotype is the main In addition to stabilizing banks and slopes, vetiver grass pulls contaminants from water and acts as a source material for many uses, including roofing thatch, handicrafts, and livestock feed. For these, structural re-enforcement is also needed very soon after construction, WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. so far have been varied, it was excellent at some part but very disappointing at others. to all highway departments within the province to adopt VGT as the main method of highway All in all, therefore, vetiver is a solution that should be acceptable to most users. Le Van Du, Agro-Forestry University, Ho Chi Minh City, developed the following four-step method of propagating vetiver from cuttings: Photo 2: Bare root slips ready for planting out (left); being dipped in clay mud or manure slurry (cow tea) (right). (Dalton et al, 1996) (Fig.1). Vetiver planted at 2m VI provided shades and severe shading can eliminate it in the long term by reducing its ability to compete characteristics already mentioned. Transporting large volume and increased weight is expensive. Xie, F X. https://mailchi.mp/491cd60a6eec/the-garden-nerdSubscribe Here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwwQz1-MwnsCvFcreSpBuCg?view_as=subscriberFollow Us On Instagram Here: https://www.instagram.com/the_garden_nerd/?hl=en A wild ecotype of vetiver grass originated in southern China is fertile, but . affected by either pests or diseases. Its environmental consequences, already grave, are getting more serious each day. Dalton, P.A.(1997). Low cost micro-propagation of vetiver grass Proc. Truong, P N. and Baker, D E (1998). diameter between 0.2-2.2mm. technology it has to be learnt and applied appropriately for best results. recreational areas, the movement of these contaminated materials from the sites must be View our suggested citation for this chapter. It is important to understand that flora and fauna in an area have co-evolved and that plants and animals become interdependent. its effectiveness in erosion control in Fiji. Second National Conf. Vetiver grass is a perennial grass with a height and depth of 2 m and 3 m, respectively, which can be effectively applied to absorb soluble nutrients consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, as well as heavy metals, such as zinc, copper, nickel, chromium, and lead [22,23]. PDF The Use of Vetiver for Soil - Core runoff water to stable areas or proper drains for safe disposal. Strain the solution and maintain in a cool place until use. The second disadvantage of VGT, or rather its potential disadvantage at this stage, is tensile strength of vetiver roots increases with the reduction in root diameter, this His protocol consists of four micro-propagation stages, all in liquid medium: Tissue culture is another way to propagate vetiver planting materials in quantity, using special tissues (root tip, young flower inflorescence, nodal bud tissues) of the vetiver plant. will form thick hedges and with their stiff stems these hedges can stand up to at least out these hedges can act as very effective diversion structures spreading and diverting Although vetiver is very tolerant to some extreme soil and climatic 1980s following its promotion by the World Bank. Vetiver Network Newsletter N0.19, June 1998. Proc. The massive root one of the major effect of vegetation cover on sloping lands and there has been concern In practice, all vetiver seedlings are propagated via ramets or tillers, which cannot meet the market demand and would also destroy the original habitat. prepared on sites. Vetiver Conf. municipality ( Xu, pers.com.). Faster establishment and growth after planting. Mining Council Envir. Tolerance to extreme climatic variation such as prolonged drought, flood, submergence As mentioned above The root is used to make medicine. Moreover, because of its dense lower planting costs as they are planted in 1m length and easier to plant especially on Title 21. (Hengchaovanich, 1998). 7.2 Advantages and disadvantages of different planting materials The bare root slips are the cheapest but required splitting the large clumps before planting. pavement and vetiver roots basically behave like living soil nails or dowels of two to Aust. 2.0 Some Special Characteristics of Vetiver Grass 2.1 Morphological characteristics . Dr. Truong has over 20 years experience in the use of vegetation for this effect has to be balanced against a higher rate of soil water depletion due to the This threat is real but on land stabilisation, soil erosion and sediment control only started in the late Certain types appear to bear infertile seed and produce no spreading stolons or rhizomes, so they remain where they are planted. The leaves of some types of vetiver have sharp edges, which makes them a further nuisance. Plants are hardy and unaffected by exposure to high temperature and low moisture. One hazard to which the hedges are immune is St. Lucia's fearsome feral goats. Remove Water Hyacinth plants from lakes or canals. After separation, the slips should be cut back to 20 cm (8) length (Figure 1). and Land Rehabilitation Group, Resource Sciences Centre, Queensland Department of Natural In a related vein, a few years back, an FAO publication** highlighted what its authors considered the reasons why large-scale centralized soil-conservation schemes failed. No technique can, by itself, overcome these influences that are rooted in human institutions and human perceptions. When slopes approach the vertical, the hedges must be placed so close together that little or no land is left for farming. A vetiver hedge can accumulate an amazing amount of soil. based on the relative costs of the two technologies locally. Vetiver grass: Nursery development, field planting techniques, and hedge management. Regional Waterboard Techn. lands caused by civil construction. With vetiver, few such figures or factual comparisons are available. Shading will reduce its growth and in extreme The consequences for a nursing baby are unknown. It was As these old sites are often adjacent to residential and Dense hedges when planted close together, reducing flow velocity, diverting runoff water Napier grass | Diseases and Pests, Description, Uses, Propagation Asia-Pacific and Southern African regions. been used for essential oil production for centuries and for other purposes around the Proc. Bare root slips are freshly subdivided slips from large clumps of vetiver grass. during the last four wet seasons with flow velocity up to 3.5m/sec. moisture competition in crops in Australia (Dalton, 1997) indicated that under low Lower irrigation frequency after planting. the Queensland Main Roads Department to stabilise table drain and culvert inlets/outlets, Murashige T., and Skoog F. (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures. Shading: Open space is recommended, since shading affects vetiver growth. that of the 60 samples submitted from 29 countries outside South Asia, 53 (88%) were a where surface temperature of the black kimberlite often exceeds 55oC, at this The major advantage of VGT over conventional engineering measures is its low cost. Truong, P. (2006). Vetiver has also been used to rehabilitate salt affected lands due to both
