So, stylistics is a bridge science, creating a bond between linguistics and literature (Akwanya 2006:163). On most occasions, it is this non-linguistic use of the term that most commonly comes to mind when using the word graphology, as recorded in the Encyclopaedia Britannica (2011). Stylistics, in short, is an attempt to put criticism on a scientific basis. It will follow these steps: firstly, students will acquire the knowledge that leads them to comprehend the basic grammatical and rhetoric concepts. Although this assertion may raise a seeming contrast between the terms linguistic stylistics and literary stylistics, a definition of these terms provided by Isidore can remove this confusion: Stylistics is the scientific study of style. Certain characteristic use of words may help us to identify the context of a text, its genre, its communicative purposes, its author, and so on. time, till, then, soon simple interpretation of a complex This is because a linguist deaf to the poetic function of language and a literary scholar indifferent to linguistic problems and unconversant with linguistic method are equally flagrant anachronisms as opined by Jakobson in Onwukwe (2009: i). As a critical concept, style has been the focus of attention for centuries and has been studied from various perspectives. I extend my gratitude to the authors whose literatures, I reviewed and referenced at the same time. This Masters Dissertation is dedicated firstly, to the Almighty God for His sustenance through the ups and downs of the academic programme; secondly, to my one-in-a-million parents, for understanding the true significance of child education and sponsorship and lastly, to my very marvelous siblings, for their encouragements and ginger at all times.the journey still continues! It majorly focuses on achieved graphological through the use of quotation marks. Latest Campus Updates, Education News in Kenya, Last updated on: June 18, 2020 by Elvis Nyakangi 1 Comment, Theoretical Background of language: English stylistics. study of sound system of a This is. written. Leech (1969:39) notes that graphology transcends orthography as it refers to the whole writing system. But these definitions appear too eclectic. Finally, here lies the major difference between linguistic stylistics and literary criticism a point more lucidly corroborated by Leech and Short (1981) while discussing Style, Text and Frequency: Aesthetic terms used in the discussion of style (urbane, curt, exuberant, florid, lucid, plain, vigorous, etc.) Since stylistics also concerns itself with the sociocultural context which reading and writing take place, contextual factors such as the cultural background of the reader and the situation in which the text is read must be taken into consideration when analyzing a text at the level of context. The schemes are grouped into five levels and presented in the table below. capitalization and punctuation. Accordingly, Levenston (1992) criticizes the lack of critical approaches to the study of graphology and proposes four major schemes within the graphic representation of language. Spatial deixis: They are used to point location. Such a process is valuable, for example, in the contemporary creative writing classroom. There are three levels of analysis that will be briefly discussed which are graphological level, lexical level, and phonological level. sibilants, emphatic ) While some research has directly ignored its linguistic meaning and just concentrated on its psychological aspects, other studies have reflected its linguistic nature. For a systematic analysis, these linguistic features are clustered into phonological, graphological, lexical, grammatical and semantic levels of analysis. Sutardji's 'Tragedi Winka dan Sihka' and J.E. (2015:128) study by mentioning five levels in stylistics such as phonetic level, phonological level, graphological level, grammatical level, and lexical level. Some of the features that can be focused on in a linguistic stylistic analysis are lexical repetition, lexico-semantic level, syntactic level, phonological level (sounds), graphological level, and literary stylistics. The third stage is when students go into a mode of synthesizing all they have learned, which, in turn, allows them to move on to the production stage. 2.1 Conceptual Framework 4.1 Presentation of Data Mark Jayson Zonio Follow Advertisement Advertisement Recommended Stylistics 26.8K views18 slides 25.2K views23 slides 38.8K47 slides 23 slides 20 (20 with the description of formal features of a text and their functional importance. Li concludes that . 3.2 Population of the Study Therefore, we have basically , two types of stylistics: literary and linguistic stylistics. 2.1 Statement of the Problem (Eva, 2015) observes that the very first problem when dealing with graphology is its unclear meaning. Leech and Short (2007:11) see it as the linguistic study of style or the study of language as used in literary texts, with the aim of relating it to its artistic functions (13). It describes patterns of writing that distinguish the writer's style, for example capitalization, punctuation, spacing and so The primary focus here is foregrounding. The use of punctuation marks can equally create stylistic effects. For others the former would only be appropriate for advanced learners. Kenyayote.com is an Education news site that is dedicated to covering the Education Industry.Copyright 2023 Kenyayote.com . However, the word style in its most general sense of a way of doing things is used in multiple contexts. ), Questions that can help one analyze a text, Do not miss all our updates on English stylistics. language in order to know about the Style is chiefly linguistic, though in some cases graphological features, the layout or arrangement of text, and even the physical characteristics of a text may contribute to a style. The linguistic levels of analysis have often been the hallmark of any stylistic analysis of a text. Linguistic stylistics does not deny the fact that intuition plays a major role in textual interpretation; neither does it prevent an analyst from expressing his intuition in the analysis. E.g. LEXIS & SEMANTICS Lexis concerns word choice; semantics concerns meaning. At the semantic level, words may be used to produce denotative, connotative, collocative, affective, thematic, or stylistic meanings based on the speakers or writers intention. Example of phonological devices include: alliteration, assonance, consonance and phonaesthesia. Keywords: Stylistic analysis, graphological, phonological, morphological, lexico-syntactic patterns 1. In addition to . But also lately a more concerned view has been voiced which stresses that stylistics has contributed to methodologies in the teaching of literature and that, therefore, L1 and L2 methods are embedded in stylistics. GRAPHOLOGICAL LEVELGraphology deals with the features that adorn pattern of writing which creates or produces an outstanding linguistic effect to the study of how writers pattern particularly prominent in stylistics and multimodality. Graphology is the study of language in print; a stylistic instrument which makes Ushies writing peculiarity an illustrating example of style as deviation from the actual linguistic norm. Pedagogical stylistics is intrinsically linked with the teaching of the linguistic features of written texts as a means of enhancing students understanding of literature and language. They include: Spelling, punctuation, typography and layout (see table 1) below. From the aspects of graphological features, lexical features, syntactic features and semantic features, the thesis summarizes the stylistic features of English news report of public health emergency. a brief summary of phonological and Graphological level in stylistics. Toolan (1998) defines it as the study of the language in literature. writer's style, for example capitalization, Repetition: a device that repeats the same words or Stylistics are used to determines the form of language as being used and the effects of that particular variety used, Stylistics also helps us to understand that language has several varieties which are distinctive to each other. Business Aircraft Operators Association Website. Anaphora: when we refer back to the situation, things, Style can also be know as the various ways of saying something, Language variation varies depending on the status and social situation, Variation can also be brought about by degree of formality. 2 0 obj This non-linguistic meaning is further complicated by the uneven treatment that graphology has received from previous researchers. idiosyncratic behaviors in a text. ,l5#7:l5k>e; of words and language. The identified problems put together, informed the desire for this research. Style is comparing a set of gestures with another in terms of deviation from the norm for instance, semantic rule and phonological rule. about somebody's character through his 6.1 Scope and Limitation of the Study of his language to give expression to his amount of vocabulary %PDF-1.5 2.3 Theoretical Framework In stylistics, deviation is a style. (3) Graphology: Graphology is a linguistic level of text analysis that focuses on language in print. A lexical study of style involves the identification of the constituents/features of a word in a sentence. What does "spinning upon the shoals" mean? Definition and Discussion of Graphology - ThoughtCo The other includes the role of stylistics in L1 and L2 pedagogies, that is, the teaching and learning of (English) language through literature. ideas and achieve his effects. -Compounding, are some expressions that cannot be It can be used to derive stylistic effect in an advertisement. Stylistics meets Cognitive Science: Studying Style in Fiction and Assonance endobj Subsequently, the development of stylistics as an independent field of linguistics, paved way for new theories, principles, concepts and models to aid the perspectives through which meanings and aesthetics are perceived in texts. Lastly, do you have any question about this post or something else? person, events. Text Analysis in Stylistics. The present model is occasioned by the need to accommodate the invading trends of graphology and to stand in the gap created by Levenstons and Lennards. For them, the underlying thought can never be separated from its final verbal form and that the only means of reading the writers mind is the completed text, which is a product of the synthesis of thought and style. OR is this foresight part of the graphological deviation, or am I missing a crucial element here? Through stylistics we learn to explain why people use language the way they do in different situations e.g news reporting. Unusual capitalization Examples Puttenham a Renaissance scholar, compares style to flowers, jewels, embroidery. Keywords: Graphology, Pedagogy, Stylistics, Deviation, Foregrounding and Multimodality, Table 1 - Levenstons (1992) Model of Graphology, Table 2 - Lennards (2005) Model of Graphology, Table 3 - Present Studys Model of Graphological Categorization, Table 4 - Statistical Presentation of Selected Poems, Table 5 - Summary of Response to Research Question. 5. For instance, according to Van Peer (1993) typographic foregrounding as well as its evolution is viewed as a poetic device while Nanny (2001) views the iconic properties of verses according to their length.
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