169-413. Phoenicians in America Dubious History - GitHub Pages Washington. Mainfort, Robert C., Jr. and Mary L. Kwas. Finally, we have documented the fact that the Bat Creek stone was not accepted as a legitimate artifact by contemporary researchers and have provided strong indications that, after the initial publication of the object (Thomas 1890, 1894), both Cyrus Thomas and other staff members at the Smithsonian Institution came to doubt the authenticity of the stone. Pastor Murray is the scholar who finally translated the inscription. Mertz (1964) herself had first proposed LYHW- on both the Yehucal bulla and the Masonic illustration www.maryjones.us/jce/iolo.html. maintain that Jefferson Chapman, Director of the McClung Museum at the University of Tennessee, generously provided copies of unpublished reports and correspondence by and pertaining to John Emmert. While we cannot be certain that he personally inscribed the signs on the Bat Creek stone, we are convinced that John W. Emmert was responsible for the forgery. Dexter, Ralph W. summarily rejected by American Antiquity as being "far Serenwen, "Coelbren Ar Beirdd," undated webpage at However, the presence of the string The short Although Gordon's Paleo-Hebrew reading of "The Translation" with Dr. Arnold Murray, Shepherd's Chapel, a Special Documentary, in which Dr. Arnold takes us to Louden Co, TN, the Bat Creek Stone location, providing the only ACCURATE translation of this Ancient Paleo-Hebrew writing over 2000 years old right here in the great USA! v: Despite problems with its relative size, this sign is normal for Paleo-Hebrew script ("lamed") between 100 B.C. 1941 Peachtree Mound and Village Site, Cherokee County, North Carolina. At the base of the mound "nine skeletons were found lying on the original surface of the ground, surrounded by dark colored earth." 1971 Before Columbus: Links Between the Old World and Ancient America. is known. and Kwas article, enumerating these Moreover, Cyrus Thomas, director of the Mound Survey, claimed that the marks on the stone represented characters of the Cherokee syllabary and used the Bat Creek stone to support his hypothesis that the Cherokee were responsible for many of the mounds and embankments in eastern North America (Thomas 1890). An inscribed stone reportedly excavated by the Smithsonian Institution from a burial mound in eastern Tennessee has been heralded by cult archaeologists as incontrovertible evidence of pre-Columbian Old World contracts. 1964 The Mine Dark Sea. [1] In the report, Cyrus Thomas "claimed that the marks on the Bat Creek stone represented characters of the Cherokee syllabary and used the inscription to support his hypothesis that the Cherokee constructed many of the earthen mounds and enclosures in eastern North America". Litigation and environmental concerns stalled the dam's completion until 1979, allowing extensive excavations at multiple sites throughout the valley. While it is possible that the recent AMS determination accurately dates the burial, McCulloch s claim that the date "rules out the possibility of a modern origin for either the inscription or the bracelets" (1988:116) is not only erroneous, but also represents a characteristic, non-skeptical, cult archaeology assertion about a topic in which he has no expertise. Hamilton, Henry "The Translation," Dr. Arnold Murray, Shepherd's Chapel - Facebook East Lansing. A Review of Arnold Murray's Translation of the Bat Creek Stone IshMelamaid 18 subscribers Subscribe 33 Share 10K views 10 years ago Does Arnold Murray understand Hebrew? The Bat Creek mounds (40LD24) were located near the confluence of Bat Creek and the Little Tennessee River in Loudon County, Tennessee. of their claim, there is no basis for either of these conclusions. would make an appropriate memorial for the find, as in English or modern Hebrew. Mound 2 had a diameter of 44 feet (13m) and height of 10 feet (3.0m), and Mound 3 had a diameter of 28 feet (8.5m) and height of 5 feet (1.5m). The Bat Creek stone. report. McGee In fact, however, we have located only 6 references to the Bat Creek stone in contemporary and more recent mainstream professional literature. 1914 The American Indian in the United States, Period 1850-1914. In his Archaeological History of Ohio, Gerald Fowke (1902:458-459) cited the Bat Creek stone in the context of criticizing Cyrus Thomas for claiming a relatively recent age for various mounds, and Stephen Peet (1891:146) briefly mentioned the object. 1976 America B.C. [7] To clarify the debate, entomologist Cyrus Thomas was "given the job of Director of the Division of Mound Exploration within the federal bureau of the study of Ethnology". do have essentially the same form, but are in fact different: Many previously declared hoaxes may be reanalyzed using more objective and less biased examination. is less common than the dot, but appears both Archaeology Review July/August 1993, pp. In this respect, they appear to be similar to the heavier brass bracelets found with the "Tunica Treasure" (Brain 1979:193-194). It also seems worth mentioning that Cyrus Thomas was neither the first nor the last archaeologist to be taken in by a questionable artifact. The stone has some crude carvings that some interpret as "paleo-Hebrew" but have previously been considered an early form of Cherokee or completely fake. "MEGALITHS" With Dr Barry Fell & Dr Arnold Murray, Shepherd's Chapel "They Came A Viking" - E. Raymond Capt, Shepherd's Chapel, "North American Sun Kings" - Dr. Mahan & Dr. Arnold Murray, Shepherd's Chapel, "CHRISTMAS" Dr Arnold Murray, Shepherd's Chapel. Ventnor Publishers, Ventnor, N.J., 1972. on the second Bat Creek letter, University of Tennessee, Department of Anthropology, Report of Investigations No. Bat Creek has an undeniable affinity to Paleo-Hebrew, and Fel1, Barry PDF Institutional Database of Staff Publications Tennessee Division of Thomas, Cyrus [1], In the late nineteenth century, when the tablet was found, Cyrus Thomas, the director of the mound excavations, concluded the inscription presented letters from the Cherokee alphabet. Houghton Mifflin, Boston. McCarter, P. Kyle, Jr. "Let's be Serious About the Bat Creek Stone". Also relevant here is the. or "Only for the Judeans" if the broken letter is included. [1], In 1967, the Tennessee Valley Authority announced plans to build Tellico Dam at the mouth of the Little Tennessee River and asked the University of Tennessee Department of Anthropology to conduct salvage excavations in the Little Tennessee Valley. Journal of Mormon History, Vol. Published by the author, Columbus, Georgia. Publications of the Museum, Michigan State University, Anthropological Series, Vol. Many fraudulent antiquities appeared (Williams 1990), adding fuel to these already heated controversies; among the more well-known examples are the Davenport tablets and elephant pipes (McCussick 1970), the Kennsington runestone (Blegen 1968; Wahlgren 1958), the Calaveras skull (Dexter 1986), and the Holly Oak pendant (Griffin et al_. This range is consistent with Moorehead, Warren K. In McCulloch (1988) I note that [7] The Myth of the Mound-builders is a damaging belief that discredits Native American peoples by claiming they were not the creators of the phenomenal mounds, and another group of people, frequently referred to as a "Vanished Race", are responsible for their creation and persisting splendor. STONE INSCRIPTION FOUND IN TENNESSEE PROVES THAT - Ensign Message Mainfort, Robert C., Jr. adequately classify and evaluate ancient material. The Bat Creek Stone comes from a sealed context. 17-21. The owner stated that he had cut trees Anonymous Likewise, the presence of this string on It is for this reason that we consider it important to bring the Bat Creek controversy to the attention of professional archaeologists; many of us are likely to be questioned by journalists and the general public about this issue in the future. as well as a pleasant destination for hikers and boaters. 133, pp. Ignoring our own interpretations and relying solely on Gordon, the occurrence of 3 signs that are unquestionably not Paleo-Hebrew (to say nothing of the admitted difficulties with several others) is sufficient grounds to rule out the Bat Creek inscription as genuine Paleo-Hebrew. The Bat Creek inscription is an inscribed stone tablet found by John W. Emmert on February 14, 1889. The findspot was about The Translation (Bat Creek Stone) - YouTube Hence, Thomas's interpretation, although incorrect, at least had some basis. The distinctive McCulloch, J. Huston, "John Emmert, Demon Rum, and Artifacts were associated with only one of the 9 extended interments. Forthcoming in Pre-Columbiana. See also comment by As to the specific signs on the Bat Creek stone, several are passable Cherokee, and the inspiration for the remainder could have been any number of published sources, including illustrations of the Grave Creek stone and the Davenport tablets. The two vertical strokes above although a few of the letters could be taken for iv: Of all the characters on the Bat Creek stone this sign bears the most striking resemblance to Paleo-Hebrew script ("yod") circa 100 B.C.-A.D. 100 (but not the second century of the Christian era). Crown Publishers, Inc., New York. "The Bat Creek inscription (also called the Bat Creek stone or Bat Creek tablet) is an inscribed stone collected as part of a Native American burial mound excavation in Loudon County, Tennessee, in 1889 by the Smithsonian Bureau of Ethnology's Mound Survey, directed by entomologist Cyrus Thomas.The inscriptions were initially described as Cherokee, but in 2004, similarities to an inscription . The common prefix L- simply 1891 Ancient Cemeteries in Tennessee. Bat Creek does not require it to have The artifacts, including bronze or brass bracelets that Dr. Wolter . However, Thomas (1890, 1894) never offered a translation of the inscription. Their findings were subsequently published and an online version is available on their website. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin No. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin No. ABSTRACT The inscribed stone was found in an undisturbed Hopewell burial mound along the Little Tennessee River near the mouth of Bat Creek. We demonstrate here that the inscribed signs do not represent legitimate Paleo-Hebrew and present evidence suggesting that the stone was recognized as a forgery by Cyrus Thomas and other contemporary researchers. 1974 Riddles in History. 47, Issue. In 1988, the stone was the subject of a Tennessee Anthropologist article by J. Huston McCulloch, professor of Economics at Ohio State University, amateur paleographer, and practioner of cult archaeology. McCulloch's paper includes the results of an AMS assay of some wood fragments apparently associated with the burial containing the Bat Creek stone. the main line are test scratches made by an unknown party while [5], Today, the probable source used by the forger to create the inscription has been identified, yet the question of who made the tablet and why remains unanswered. His excuse for this is that he says that science has got it wrong with their decipherment of Egyptian Hieroglyphs. [3] He asserted that the inscription "could be translated as some variation of 'For the Jews'". or any other alphabet, the Hebrew reading would have to Robert C. Mainfort, Jr. and Mary L. Kwas, TA 1991(1), pp. [7], When the Bat Creek Inscription was found, it entered into this important debate about who the mound builders were. I own no rights to the film.Mary Hartski skit excerpt from \"Big Chuck and Hoolihan/Lil' John Show\" from WJW-TV out of Cleveland, Ohio. 1946 The Indians of the Southeastern United States. 40 miles south of Knoxville, in what is Archaic and Woodland cultural materials were also recovered from the pre-mound deposits and were also present in the adjacent occupation areas. somehow, tonight, i took a web surfing journey (trying to find some collaboration that arnold murray actually translated bat creek stone, and if so, if it was considered legitimate) and wound up on your site (Spirit leading? The sample returned a calibrated radiocarbon age of A.D. 32 (427) 769 (McCulloch 1988; the age range was reported at two sigma), which is claimed to "rule out the possibility of modern origin" for the inscription (McCulloch 1988:116). Furthermore, in his field notes, John Emmert mentions the presence of "wet and muddy" soil at the base of the mound (the level at which the burials were found), which raises the possibility of contamination from groundwater. Bat Creek Stone - (The Translation) - The Shepherd's Chapel Bat Creek stone, which was professionally Peet 1890, 1892, 1895). J. Huston MuCulloch, an Ohio State University economics professor . Washington. Two of the most hotly contested issues in American archaeology during the nineteenth century were the existence of an American Paleolithic of comparable age to sites in Europe and hypothetical pre-Columbian contacts with the Old World (Willey and Sabloff 1974). illustration. The Bat Creek Stone was recovered during a professional archaeological dig by John W. Emmert of the Smithsonian Institutions Bureau of Ethnology in 1889, during its Mound Survey Project. is the modern invention of Edward Williams Mooney, James down to the skeletons." Freemasonry, [3] Yet despite this incongruity, at the time of its finding, there was little controversy regarding the inscription, and in fact, "Thomas did not discuss the Bat Creek stone in any of his later substantive publications". Pp 181, This page was last edited on 15 March 2023, at 01:56. [3] Due to the efforts of Thomas and his team, and with the aid of his published work which extensively presented his findings, "the myth of a vanished race had been dealt a fatal blow".[3]. from the mound 40 years before the excavation and that it Welsh Discover America," unsigned online press release at Shaw, Thurstan and Paul Craddock Judah or Yehud (YHWD in the
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