At the terminal speed, the drag force = the gravitational force. Upload unlimited documents and save them online. Hypothesis. Use the same point on the ball (top) or (bottom) when judging both the height This slope tells us how bouncy the ball is. The higher the height from which the ball was dropped from, the higher the height to which it bounced. Click Create Assignment to assign this modality to your LMS. Also the facts that there were no anomalies and that all of the points were very close to the line of best fit show that the experiment was relatively accurate. It shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. As there is more KE, more energy is converted into elastic potential energy, As there is more elastic potential energy, more energy is converted back into KE energy. All of the factors that could have affected the results that were uncontrollable could have produced variations between results. If a ball reaches terminal velocity at 20cm from the floor when dropped from 2m, it will reach terminal velocity at 10cm from the floor when dropped from 1.9m. A control variable is any factor that is controlled or held constant during an experiment. Measuring the height to which the ball bounced on subsequent bounces would be interesting, seeing if h. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. It is a separate experiment, done exactly like the others. ThatQuiz From this it can be seen that using the average of the middle three results is more accurate than using the average of all five, as it automatically discounts most anomalies. Also the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 1ms, and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 2ms, is far smaller than the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 20ms, and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 21ms, , the faster the velocity that the ball reaches. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. This is because it is easiest as the figure read of the meter rule is the result. This is a sample on how to write the results, conclusion and make charts. If you have any questions or need more support about this project, click on the Ask Question button on the top of this page to send me a message. The total energy of the system remains the same; the potential energy changes to kinetic energy, but no energy is lost. WebBouncing Ball Experiment - Free download as Word Doc (.doc / .docx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. At that instant, how does the ball know how high it should bounce? The relative height of the bounce should be h/h = CoR2 = 0.72 = 0.49. For a falling object the Coefficient to restitution (CR) is equal to the velocity squared as the object is travelling at as it leaves the floor (v22) divided by the velocity squared as it hits the floor (v12): If dropping a ball in a vacuum all you need to know in order to know how high the ball will bounce to is h1 and CR. As the ball is accelerating due to gravity, at 9.81m/s2it is constantly getting faster and therefore the drag force gets bigger and bigger. Keep track of where you got your information from. What is happening to the balls energy with each bounce? Prediction reasons for variable control: The height the ball is dropped from will affect the height the ball bounces to due to the energy chain the ball goes through as it is dropped and bounces up again. The bounce of a dropped ball has a direct relation with the release height. Calculating the coefficient to restitution of ball hitting the floor: The coefficient to restitution can be found out from a graph of h1against h2. The push which the ball receives from the floor at the moment of impact causes it to bounce up from the surface. Does a ball bounce higher or lower in moon (Less Gravity), while all other conditions are constant? Adapted from Plangenhoef, Patterns of Human Motion. Preparation: Draw a ruler with high visibility on a roll of paper about 8 inches wide and 6 feet tall. The balls leave the floor at the same speed with the same amount of KE and so both balls reach the same height and end up with the same amount of GPE at the top of their bounces. In this project we will try to find out what factors affect the bounce of a dropped ball. Vacuum pump, rigid plastic cylinder, two large rubber bungs to fit over the two ends of the plastic cylinder, table tennis ball, Two meter stick rulers. The format you use to write your bibliography may look like this: Are you ready for more advanced ball drop projects? It travels upwards towards its highest point. Based on these trends, we can draw conclusions about the system under study. We use the conservation of energy. Repeat this test from 2 ft, 3 ft, and 1/2 ft. Do this test for each ball and record data. Using the geometric sequence formula, the sum of the terms which are the heights of the ball after each bound: \(S_n = \frac{\alpha(1-r^n)}{1-r} = \frac{6m(1-0.38^5)}{1-0.38} = 9.6 m\). 8. WebControl Variable: Simple Definition. Averages are more reliable than using one result as they take into account variation between results. To set up the Summarize what happened. At the lowest point, the ball has its minimum potential energy, and the velocity changes from negative to positive. They can be the hardest part of a project. This would allow the actual coefficient to restitution to be calculated. Is a bouncing ball an example of simple harmonic motion? A single experiment may contain many control variables. A bouncing ball follows a projectile motion which is moving near the surface of the earth in a curved path due to the effect of gravity. This causes thermal energy to be given off. A series of experiments is made up of separate experimental runs. During each run you make a measurement of how much the variable affected the system under study. Bouncing Ball Experiment If you did not observe anything different than what happened with your control, the variable you changed may not affect the system you are investigating. A) scientific method. The area of the triangle can be found using the formula below. WebThis experiment,is an investigation into the maximum height of the bounce of a ping pong ball when it is first released.This is because of the unpredictability of the bounce not always reaching the same height.This we can assume their are many factors effecting the bounce of the ping pong ball.The following experiment will determine how different It was more reliable to use the middle three results as it automatically discounted any anomalies; assuming two similar anomalies were recorded for one height, if they were then they both would be discounted. The CoR can be measured directly by velocity measurements but often it is handier to measure the height of rise of the ball after it bounces relative to the height that it fell. As in both cases the main form of energy is GPE it follows that the higher the ball is dropped from, the higher the ball will bounce. Gravitational potential energy means energy that an object has based on where it is located in a gravitational field. GPE=Mass (kg) Gravitational Field Strength (N/Kg) Height (m). Yes, as the ball receives a force from the ground due to collision, which causes the ball to bounce off the ground. So an imperfect ball loses some energy on each bounce. Read books, magazines or ask professionals who might know in order to find out the factors that affect the movements of a dropped ball. Using the graph above, we can find the displacement by using the area under the graph, which is equal to the displacement. - Height at which the This means for the ball to reach terminal velocity the drag force has to be bigger and for the drag force to be bigger the ball has to fall faster (so that more air particles hit the ball every second). Controlled Variable Perform this test in a Gym or anywhere else where you have a hard surface and an accessible wall. If the mass of the ball is heavier the weight is heavier (weight = mg) and downward force acting upon the ball is greater as well. Bouncing Ball Experiment - GCSE Science - Marked by Being precise as the we drop the ball from a very big height the ball will bounce back at a very big height by Newton's This means it will be travelling the same speed when it hits the ground. WebOn the cardboard, mark the starting point, the point where the marble strikes the wood, and a point along the marble's path as it rolls away from the wood. experiment The results of the experiment were obtained with a method that ensured that every drop was under similar conditions which ensured a fair test. When the ball was dropped from the higher heights the ball began to show signs of reaching its terminal velocity before it reaches the ground. Also the ball flattening upon impact doesnt have to be taken into account whereas if one was measuring from the top of the ball as it hits the floor to the top of the ball before dropping it or at the top of its arc after bouncing or the middle of the ball as it hits the ground to the middle of the ball before dropping it or the middle of the ball at the top of its bounce then the fact that the ball flattens momentarily on impact with the floor would have to be taken into account. Specially look for parts that discuss the gas pressure and physical properties of gases. The experiment was conducted as the method (below) states. Will you pass the quiz? Perform this test in a Gym or anywhere else where you have a hard surface and an accessible wall. Locate the peaks and record the time for each peak. Both potential and kinetic energy have units of Joules (J). WebDrop the ball from the line between cinder blocks/bricks to make the measurements more accurate. Control Variable: Simple Definition - Statistics How To The motion of the ball can be split into different stages depending on the direction of the velocity vector; these stages are listed below. WebThe independent variables in the experiment are the heights that the balls are dropped from, the surface that the ball bounces on, the type of ball used, ball is dropped vertically, and that when dropping a ball no force is applied. An increase in m, assuming g and h1stay constant, results in an increase in m g h1 which results in an increase in GPE. Each of the following experiments tests a different hypothesis. However if two results are recorded that do not fit the trend of other results nor are close to results recorded for that height then the experiments accuracy would be brought into doubt. The only difference is that no experimental variables are changed. (Their ideas might include surface texture, colour, size, what its made of, squashiness, opacity, weight, air pockets, temperature, cost, shininess/dullness, hardness/softness, age, layers of materials.) WebLearn how to identify types of variables in a simple experiment with bouncing balls. My hypothesis is based on my observation of balls that are not well inflated. Balls: Terminal Speed and Coefficient of Restitution. This project guide contains information that you need in order to start your project. Tennis ball experiment What you have learned may allow you to answer other questions. In this experiment you will drop a ball on a hard surface such as table and record the sounds it makes when it bounces using a computer and any sound recorder program. Is your hypothesis correct? Then when dropping the ball again eye level was kept level with the blue tack. h2= The distance between the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing and the ground. How well a ball bounces deals with its coefficient of restitution. This means that not all the GPE is converted into KE as it would have been if the ball had been dropped in a vacuum. WebControl variables, also known as controlled variables, are properties that researchers hold constant for all observations in an experiment. Several balls, medium-sized super balls, hollow rubber balls, solid rubber balls, tennis balls, golf balls, baseballs, and whatever other types of balls are available. This will be a table tennis ball. Is a bouncing ball a simple harmonic motion? It pushes downward on the floor and the floor pushes upward on it. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. Your challenge will be to find a way to determine your balls e, and the initial height of the ball when you first dropped it. During the preliminary experiment it was established that time was not an important factor that had to be taken into account when deciding how many different heights to drop the ball from and the interval between those heights. What is the velocity of the ball at the point of maximum height? The material ball is made from will affect the ball as if it is smooth then the drag will be significantly less than if it is rough. h1and h2are from the bottom of the ball as it hits the floor to the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing. It was difficult to accurately measure the height of the bounce. Sign up to highlight and take notes. About a foot above the table top is plenty. Heres an example of an Excel spread sheet that analyzes whats going on: Heres a graph of energy vs. bounce from the spread sheet: Purpose: To determine how high a tennis ball will bounce when dropped from a specific height. The control variable is not part of an experiment itselfit is neither the independent nor dependent variable but it is important because it can have an effect on the results. This project guide contains information that you need in order to start your project. The ball rebounds to 72 percent of its previous height and continues to fall. For each height repeat the test 3 to 5 times and record the most reliable result. If the elastic potential energy is the same then the same amount of energy is converted back into KE and so the balls leave the floor at the same speed. However when the ball is dropped from a relatively low height, drag 0. If you did not observe a consistent, reproducible trend in your series of experimental runs there may be experimental errors affecting your results. If you choose to study on the effect of air pressure inside the ball, your variables will be defined like this: Independent variable (also known as manipulated variable) is the balls air pressure. By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. WebControlled Variables: -Golf ball -PVC piping -Angle of Ramp Our controlled variable was Manipulated Variable: -Release point -Distance ball bounces Our manipulated variables was: Dependent Variable: The distance in centimeters from bounce 1 to bounce 2.
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